Data transfer in Dial up Modems

The modem is the connection device between your computer and the telephone line through which you connect to internet. The word "modem" is a contraction of the words modulator and demodulator. A modem is used to send and receive data over a phone line. For an internet user, a modem is device that lets you connect your computer to a standard telephone line so you can get connected to internet. It is the key that unlocks the world of the Internet and its World Wide Web, commercial online services, electronic mail (E-mail), and bulletin board systems.

The phone lines transmit data in analog form and the data on internet transmits in digital form. Also, your computer can process data in digital form, in 0s and 1s. Hence, the main function of the modem is to make both sides comfortable by providing data in the form they could process or transmit. The sending modem modulates the data into a signal that is compatible with the phone line, and the receiving modem demodulates the signal back into digital data.

The modem has two ends one connects to the computer and other one to the telephone line. When you try to makes a connection, you can hear screeching sounds coming from the modem. These are basically, digital signals coming from the computer to modem. The modem modulates then into audible sounds to transmit over the phone line. Then the modem sends them over to telephone line. Modem sends a higher pitched tone to represent the digit 1 and a lower pitched tone to represent the digit 0.

At the other end of your modem connection, the computer attached to its modem reverses this process. The receiving modem demodulates the received tones into digital signals and sends them to the receiving computer.

This may sound very simple to most people. Actually, the process is a much more complex than sending and receiving signals in one direction and then another. Modems simultaneously send and receive signals in small packets. This is important to gain the speed in the transmission. For smooth working of a dial up connection the modem should gain and give data simultaneously.

Another part of the translation process involves transmission integrity. It is equally important to send and receive data properly so could be represented in a proper form in front of user. Hence, the modems also exchange an added mathematical code along the way. It allows both terminals to know if the data packets are transmitted in correct order. If the code does not match then the modems communicate with each other by resending the missing segments of data.

Modems also have special circuitry that allows them to compress digital signals before modulating them and then decompressing them after demodulating the signals. The compression/decompression processes manage the data in a way that it can travel along telephone lines more efficiently.

Hence, a modem is just more then a translator. Indeed, it is the most important device in the dial up connection.

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